Die notwendige Teilnahme.

'The Necessary Participation: Penalty Reason for Participation in the Context of the Responsibility Theory': Neither the theory of the subject of protection without punishment nor the theory of minimum participation without punishment can provide a satisfactory solution to the problem of necessary participation. In this thesis, the question was investigated whether and, if so, why the necessary participation within the framework of the general participation theory, which is shaped by aspects of responsibility, can be unpunished. An opportunity is offered to reflect on the currently dominant general participation theory.