Making Scientific Discoveries

Scienti¿c progress depends crucially on scienti¿c discoveries. Yet the topic of scienti¿c discoveries has not been central to debate in the philosophy of science. This book aims to remedy this shortcoming. Based on a broad reading of the term "science" (similar to the German term "Wissenschaft "), the book convenes experts from different disciplines who re¿ect upon several intertwined questions connected to the topic of making scienti¿c discoveries. Among these questions are the following: What are the preconditions for making scienti¿c discoveries? What is it that we (have to) do when we make discoveries in science? What are the objects of scienti¿c discoveries, how do we name them, and how do scienti¿c names function? Do dis-coveries in, say, physics and biology, share an underlying structure, or do they differ from each other in crucial ways? Are other ¿elds such as theology and environmental studies loci of scienti¿c discovery? What is the purpose of making scienti¿c discoveries? Explaining nature or reality? Increasing scienti¿c knowledge? Finding new truths? If so, how can we account for instructive blunders and serendipities in science? In the light of the above, the following is an encompassing question of the book: What does it mean to make a discovery in science, and how can scienti¿c discoveries be distinguished from non-scienti¿c discoveries?