Reviews in Frontiers of Modern Astrophysics

This book presents a collection of focused review papers on the advances in topics in modern astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology and planetary science. The chapters are written by expert members of an EU-funded ERASMUS+ program of strategic partnership between several European institutes. The 13 reviews comprise the topics: - Space debris, optical measurements - Meteors, light from comets and asteroids - Extrasolar enigmas: from disintegrating exoplanets to exo-asteroids - Physical conditions and chemical abundances in photoionized nebulae from optical spectra - Observational Constraints on the Common Envelope Phase - A modern guide to quantitative spectroscopy of massive OB stars - Explosion mechanisms of core-collapse supernovae and their observational signatures - Low-mass and substellar eclipsing binaries in stellar clusters - Globular cluster systems and Galaxy Formation - Hot atmospheres of galaxies, groups, and clusters of galaxies - The establishment of the Standard Cosmological Model through observations - Exploiting solar visible-range observations by inversion techniques: from flows in the solar subsurface to a flaring atmosphere - Starburst galaxies The book is intended for the general astronomical community as well as for advanced students who could use it as a guideline, inspiration and overview for their future careers in astronomy.